# OE-0004: Observation

**Status:** Draft
**Version:** 0.2.0-draft
**Depends on:** OE-0003 (Engineering Context)
**Phase:** The Bedrock Phase

## Overview

Observation is the primary input to the engineering process. Before any principle can be established, before any decision can be made, there must first be observation.

## Definition

An observation is a verifiable encounter with reality.

## Taxonomy of Observations

Not all observations enter the engineering process through the same path. Open Engineer distinguishes two categories:

### Direct Observation

A measurement, experiment, or empirical encounter with physical reality conducted by the practitioner or their team. Direct observations are the primary input to engineering decisions.

Examples: load test results, material strength measurements, system performance benchmarks, field inspections.

### Corroborated Observation

An observation reported by a source outside direct engineering practice that has been independently confirmed by engineering evidence or by independent confirmation across multiple traditions or domains.

Corroborated observations are valid inputs when the underlying observation has withstood testing from independent sources. The standard does not accept them on authority — it accepts them on the basis of independent corroboration.

Examples of corroboration:

| Reported Observation | Independent Engineering Confirmation |
|---|---|
| Distinguish controllable from uncontrollable factors (multiple traditions) | Control theory, stress engineering, decision theory — all independently arrived at this distinction |
| Attachment to preferred solutions distorts judgment (multiple traditions) | Cognitive bias research, engineering failure analysis — both confirm this pattern |
| Hypotheses must survive testing (scientific method) | Every engineering verification methodology confirms this |

## The Principle of Observation First

Observe first. Before theorizing. Before abstracting. Before generalizing. The practitioner must first identify what has been observed — directly or through corroboration — and record it as it is, not as expected or desired.

This is the first step in the Open Engineer process:

1. Observe first.
2. Recognize patterns.
3. Translate into engineering language.
4. Verify against reality.
5. Preserve the resulting understanding.

## Observation as Foundation

No later specification document may redefine what observation means. Only extend it. Observation is bedrock.

## Single Responsibility

This document defines observation and its taxonomy. It does not define verification (see OE-0007) or translation (see `reference/editorial-principles.md`). It references them.

## Applicable Laws

This document is governed by all Engineering Laws defined in `laws/engineering-laws.md`.